ABSTRACT
La epidemiología es una ciencia básica de la Salud Pública porque sus fundamentos científicos permiten la toma de decisiones en los problemas de salud. Para controlar la calidad de la formación de los profesionales y perfeccionarla, se aplica el sistema de acreditación de escenarios docentes, proceso de gran importancia que garantiza la calidad del pregrado y el posgrado. En la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara se realizó dicho proceso en la especialidad de Higiene y Epidemiología, fue utilizada la autoevaluación estratégica del escenario laboral como actividad previa. El interés de los autores es exponer el método seguido para cumplir con los requerimientos establecidos. Con la aplicación de esta matriz estratégica para lograr el estado deseado en el proceso docente de la especialidad de Higiene y Epidemiología en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara se logró una evaluación de excelente.
Epidemiology is a basic science of Public Health because its scientific foundations make possible decision-making regarding health problems. To control the training quality for professionals and improve it, the accreditation system for teaching scenarios is applied, a very important process that guarantees the quality of undergraduate and postgraduate training. At the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara, in the specialty of Hygiene and Epidemiology, this process was carried out; the strategic self-assessment of the work scenario as a prior activity, was used. To expose the method followed to comply with the established requirements, is the aim of the authors. By using this strategic matrix to achieve the desired state in the teaching process of the specialty of Hygiene and Epidemiology at the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara, an excellent evaluation was achieved.
Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Education, Medical , Faculty , Accreditation , MedicineABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo Compreender os desafios enfrentados pela educação permanente para o alcance da melhoria da qualidade e da segurança do paciente em um hospital público submetido à acreditação hospitalar. Métodos Estudo descritivo, transversal e com abordagem qualitativa. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com 22 profissionais, durando, em média, 22 minutos, as quais posteriormente foram analisadas e interpretadas por meio da análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. Adotaram-se os softwares Iramuteq para a análise de corpus textual, e o BioEstat 5.3, para análise do perfil dos participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu em junho de 2022, após aprovação nos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados Aplicou-se a análise de classificação hierárquica descendente, gerada pelo Iramuteq. Obtiveram-se três categorias: Desafios da Educação Permanente mediante o Processo de Melhoria Contínua; Educação Permanente para a Promoção da Qualidade e da Segurança do Paciente no Contexto da Acreditação Hospitalar; e Estratégias Educativas para a Melhoria da Qualidade e da Segurança do Paciente. Conclusão Identificaram-se desafios inerentes às ações de educação permanente em saúde, tais como resistência à mudança de cultura, adesão às atividades, alta rotatividade de profissionais e dificuldade para liberação da equipe de enfermagem para participar das atividades relacionadas à demanda de trabalho.
Resumen Objetivo Comprender los desafíos enfrentados por la educación permanente para lograr mejorar la calidad y la seguridad del paciente en un hospital público sometido a acreditación hospitalaria. Métodos Estudio descriptivo, transversal y con enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 22 profesionales, con duración promedio de 22 minutos, que luego se analizaron e interpretaron mediante el análisis de contenido temático de Bardin. Se utilizaron los softwares Iramuteq para el análisis de corpus textual y BioEstat 5.3 para el análisis del perfil de los participantes. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo en junio de 2022, después de la aprobación de los Comités de Ética en Investigación. Resultados Se aplicó el análisis de clasificación jerárquica descendente, generado por Iramuteq. Se obtuvieron tres categorías: Desafíos de la educación permanente mediante el proceso de mejora continua, Educación permanente para la promoción de la calidad y de la seguridad del paciente en el contexto de la acreditación hospitalaria, y Estrategias educativas para la mejora de la calidad y la seguridad del paciente. Conclusión Se identificaron desafíos inherentes a las acciones de educación permanente en salud, tales como resistencia a cambios de cultura, adherencia a las actividades, alta rotación de profesionales y dificultad de autorizar al equipo de enfermería para participar en las actividades relacionadas con la demanda de trabajo.
Abstract Objective To understand the challenges faced in terms of permanent education in health, for achieving quality improvements and patient safety at a public hospital undergoing hospital accreditation. Methods This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 professionals, lasting an average of 22 minutes. The interviews were subsequently analyzed and interpreted using Bardin's thematic content analysis. The software Iramuteq was used to analyze the textual corpus, and BioEstat 5.3 was used to analyze the profile of the participants. The data collection took place in June 2022, following approval by the Research Ethics Committees. Results The descending hierarchical classification analysis, generated by Iramuteq, was applied, resulting in three categories: Challenges of Permanent Education through the Continuous Improvement Process, Permanent Education for the Promotion of Quality and Patient Safety in the Context of Hospital Accreditation, and Educational Strategies for Improving Quality and Patient Safety. Conclusion Challenges inherent to the actions of permanent education in health were identified, such as resistance to cultural change, adherence to activities, high turnover of professionals, and difficulty in releasing the nursing team to participate in activities, due to work demand.
ABSTRACT
A partir de 2024, egresados de facultades de medicina que deseen hacer estudios de postgrado en los EE.UU o el Canadá, deberán graduarse en escuelas de medicina con programas educativos de calidad avalados por agencias reconocidas capaces de otorgar una acreditación internacional. La World Federation for Medical Education (WFME) es una de estas agencias. La WFME aceptó la nueva política de acreditación del Educational Committee for Foreign Medical Education (ECFMG) por la que médicos que postulen para la certificación del ECFMG del 2024 en adelante, tendrán que haberse graduado en un centro universitario de medicina acreditado por una agencia de aseguramiento de calidad que se encuentre reconocida por la WFME. El COMAEM (Consejo Mexicano para la Acreditación de la Educación Médica) está avalado por la WFME y otros organismos internacionales que aseguran la calidad de la educación superior. La acreditación que concede el COMAEM es un reconocimiento que el programa de medicina cumple con los criterios, indicadores y parámetros de calidad establecidos por este organismo. A partir de 2024, los egresados de un programa acreditado podrán postular para la certificación del ECFMG a través del examen de licencia médica de los Estados Unidos o USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) y así poder hacer una residencia de especialización o trabajar en EE. UU. En el Perú, solo la Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia ha completado el proceso de acreditación internacional a través de COMAEM y ha recibido dicha acreditación.
As of 2024, medical school graduates who wish to pursue graduate studies in the U.S. or in Canada, they must have graduated from medical schools with quality educational programs endorsed by recognized agencies, capable of granting international accreditation. The World Federation for Medical Education (WFME) is one of these agencies. The WFME accepted the new accreditation policy of the Educational Committee for Foreign Medical Education (ECFMG) whereby physicians applying for ECFMG certification from 2024 onwards, must have graduated from a university medical center accredited by a quality assurance agency that is recognized by the WFME. The COMAEM (Mexican Council for the Accreditation of Medical Education) is endorsed by the WFME and other international organizations that ensure the quality of higher education. The accreditation granted by COMAEM is a recognition that the medical program meets the criteria, indicators and quality parameters established by this organization. Starting in 2024, graduates of an accredited program will be able to apply for ECFMG certification through the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) and thus be able to do a specialty residency or work in the U.S. In Peru, only the Alberto Hurtado School of Medicine of the Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University has completed the international accreditation process through COMAEM and has received such accreditation.
ABSTRACT
Los procesos de acreditación se ubican en el marco de las megatendencias globales que colocan en el centro del debate las nociones excelencia y evaluación de la calidad en las instituciones de educación superior contemporáneas. El estudio se realiza en la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, parte de un enfoque cualitativo en el que el método análisis de contenidos ocupó el centro de las acciones para develar desde las epistemologías globales y regionales, las regularidades que se manifiestan en la dinámica de los procesos de acreditación con énfasis en las instituciones de educación mexicana. La unidad de análisis se ubica en los documentos normativos, foros e informes de buenas prácticas en el quehacer de la acreditación. Como resultado, se proponen las bases conceptuales que favorecen una dialógica en el proceso de evaluación aplicada a los programas de posgrado mexicano, el cual, con las adecuaciones necesarias podría aplicarse a otras universidades.
Accreditation processes are located within the framework of global megatrends that place the notions of excellence and quality assessment in contemporary higher education institutions at the center of the debate. The study presented here was carried out at the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, based on a qualitative approach in which the content analysis method was at the center of the actions to unveil from the global and regional epistemologies regularities that are manifested in the dynamics of accreditation processes with emphasis on Mexican educational institutions. The unit of analysis is located in the normative documents, forums and reports of good practices in accreditation. As a result, conceptual bases are proposed that can favor a dialogic in the evaluation process applied to Mexican graduate programs, which, with the necessary adaptations could be applied to con universities.
ABSTRACT
Los laboratorios clínicos desempeñan un papel cada vez más central en el proceso de atención siendo líderes en el campo de la gestión de la calidad de la salud. Desde hace algunos años hay un creciente interés en la mejora de la calidad de aquellas actividades que tienen un alto impacto en la seguridad del paciente. En este contexto la acreditación constituye un recurso estratégico para garantizar un sistema de calidad. En el año 2020 el laboratorio obtiene la acreditación por norma IRAM ISO 15189, siendo el segundo laboratorio público acreditado por un estándar internacional en el país y el primero de un Hospital Pediátrico. Con un alcance inicial que involucra a las áreas de Química, Hematología, Serología, Endocrinología y Biología Molecular, continuamos trabajando para sostener y ampliar este alcance incluyendo entre otras, el área de Microbiología. Nuestra fortaleza más grande: el trabajo en equipo (AU)
Clinical laboratories play an increasingly central role in the care process and are leaders in the field of healthcare quality management. For some years now there has been a growing interest in improving the quality of those activities that have a high impact on patient safety. In this context, accreditation is a strategic resource to warrant the quality of the system. In 2020 the laboratory was granted accreditation by IRAM ISO 15189, being the second public laboratory accredited by an international standard in the country and the first in a pediatric hospital. With an initial coverage involving the areas of Chemistry, Hematology, Serology, Endocrinology, and Molecular Biology, we continue working to sustain and expand this coverage to include, among others, the area of Microbiology. Our greatest strength: teamwork (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Quality of Health Care , Laboratories, Hospital , Hospital Accreditation , Laboratories, Clinical/trendsABSTRACT
Background: Laboratory diagnosis in Indian health-care setup is usually the mainstay of screening and diagnosis of diseases. Accreditation is a process of approval by establishing adherence of pre-defined quality standards to the existing system which can bring about utmost quality in service delivery by increasing accuracy and reliability and minimizing errors. Need for accreditation is ever-increasing in public sector health-care centers. Aim and Objectives: To ascertain and to quantify the impact of accreditation via training and exposure in the cadre of laboratory technicians in tertiary care public sector hospital. Materials and Methods: It was an interventional study to check competency of laboratory technicians in various domains of NABL standards, before and after training and exposure to accreditation process. It was carried out amongst MLT students and employed laboratory technicians in the clinical biochemistry department of a public sector, tertiary care, teaching hospital and lasted for 2 months. Preformed questionnaire was used. Difference between pre- and post-test results was compared with appropriate statistical analysis. Results: Marked difference was seen in the performance of study subjects before (27.6 ± 9.9) and after (56.7 ± 6.2) exposure to training and accreditation process (Max. score of 80). Average gain was 37.5%. The difference was highly significant for each domain. Domains of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical procedures saw the highest difference. There was a significant difference in competence gain between student lab. techs. and employed lab. techs. Conclusion: Benefits of accreditation are immense, yet it is a voluntary process in our country. Strict adherence to already laid out standards and protocols at national level can be achieved by continuous sensitization and capacity building. Public sector laboratories need to gear up and embrace this need. The same should also be incorporated effectively in the curriculum of laboratory technician students.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To survey the development status and actual needs of virtual autopsy technology in China and to clarify the applicability of forensic virtual autopsy laboratory accreditation.@*METHODS@#The questionnaire was set up included three aspects：(1) the current status of virtual autopsy technology development; (2) the accreditation elements such as personnel, equipment, entrustment and acceptance, methods, environmental facilities; (3) the needs and suggestions of practicing institutions. A total of 130 forensic pathology institutions were surveyed by online participation through the Questionnaire Star platform.@*RESULTS@#Among the 130 institutions, 43.08% were familiar with the characteristics of virtual autopsy technology, 35.38% conducted or received training in virtual autopsy, and 70.77% have establishment needs (including maintenance). Relevant elements were suitable for laboratory accreditation.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Virtual autopsy identification has gained social recognition. There is a demand for accreditation of forensic virtual autopsy laboratory. After the preliminary assessment, considering the characteristics and current situation of this technology, China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) can first carry out the accreditation pilot of virtual autopsy project at large comprehensive forensic institutions with higher identification capability, and then CNAS can popularize the accreditation in a wide range when the conditions are suitable.
Subject(s)
Autopsy , Forensic Medicine , Forensic Pathology , Accreditation , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The "new engineering" concept requires that in addition to laying a solid professional foundation, engineering colleges and universities in China should also pay attention to improving the humanistic quality and developing a professional ethics education in training the engineering and technical talents. One important way is to carry out the engineering ethics education. By referring to the mature case-teaching ideas around the world and combining the practical experience accumulated in recent years, this paper focuses on the curriculum development and teaching reform of engineering ethics for students studying biological and medical engineering, from the perspectives of case selection and teaching method innovation. It also introduces some typical case studies, and summarizes the teaching effect analyzed from questionnaire.
Subject(s)
Humans , Curriculum , Engineering/education , Students , Ethics, Professional , Biology/educationABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo. Contrastar las características del proceso de acreditación de establecimientos de salud en Canadá, Chile, la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, Dinamarca y México, con el fin de identificar elementos comunes y diferencias, y las lecciones aprendidas que puedan ser de utilidad para otros países y regiones. Métodos. Estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo en el que se usaron fuentes secundarias de libre acceso sobre acreditación y certificación de establecimientos de salud durante el período 2019-2021 en estos países y regiones. Se describen las características generales del proceso de acreditación y sus respuestas a puntos clave del diseño de estos programas. Además, se generaron categorías de análisis para el avance en su implementación y su nivel de complejidad, y se resumen los resultados favorables y desfavorables informados. Resultados. Los componentes operativos del proceso de acreditación son peculiares de cada país, aunque comparten similitudes. El programa de Canadá es el único que contempla algún tipo de evaluación responsiva. Hay una amplia variación en la cobertura de establecimientos acreditados entre países (desde 1% en México a 34,7% en Dinamarca). Entre las lecciones aprendidas, se destacan la complejidad de aplicación del sistema mixto público-privado (Chile), el riesgo de una excesiva burocratización (Dinamarca) y la necesidad de incentivos claros (México). Conclusiones. Los programas de acreditación operan de forma peculiar en cada país o región, logran alcances diferentes y presentan problemáticas también diversas, de las que podemos aprender. Es necesario considerar los elementos que obstaculizan la implementación y generar adecuaciones para los sistemas de salud en cada país o región.
ABSTRACT Objective. To compare and contrast the characteristics of the accreditation process for health care facilities in Canada, Chile, the Autonomous Community of Andalusia (Spain), Denmark, and Mexico, in order to identify shared characteristics, differences, and lessons learned that may be useful for other countries and regions. Methods. An observational, analytical, retrospective study using open-access secondary sources on the accreditation and certification of health care facilities in 2019-2021 in these countries and regions. The general characteristics of the accreditation processes are described and comments are made on key aspects of the design of these programs. Additionally, analytical categories were created for degree of implementation and level of complexity, and the positive and negative results reported are summarized. Results. The operational components of the accreditation processes are country-specific, although they share similarities. The Canadian program is the only one that involves some form of responsive evaluation. There is a wide range in the percentage of establishments accredited from country to country (from 1% in Mexico to 34.7% in Denmark). Notable lessons learned include the complexity of application in a mixed public-private system (Chile), the risk of excessive bureaucratization (Denmark), and the need for clear incentives (Mexico). Conclusions. The accreditation programs operate in a unique way in each country and region, achieve varying degrees of implementation, and have an assortment of problems, from which lessons can be learned. Elements that hinder their implementation should be considered and adjustments made for the health systems of each country and region.
RESUMO Objetivo. Comparar as características do processo de acreditação de estabelecimentos de saúde no Canadá, Chile, Comunidade Autônoma da Andaluzia, Dinamarca e México, a fim de identificar elementos comuns e diferenças, bem como lições aprendidas que podem ser úteis para outros países e regiões. Métodos. Estudo observacional, analítico e retrospectivo usando fontes secundárias de livre acesso sobre acreditação e certificação de estabelecimentos de saúde durante o período 2019-2021 nos países e regiões supracitados. As características gerais do processo de acreditação e suas respostas a pontos-chave no delineamento de tais programas foram descritas. Além disso, foram geradas categorias de análise para o andamento de sua implantação e seu grau de complexidade, e os desfechos favoráveis e desfavoráveis relatados foram resumidos. Resultados. Os componentes operacionais do processo de acreditação são peculiares a cada país, embora compartilhem certas semelhanças. O programa canadense é o único que contempla algum tipo de avaliação responsiva. Houve grande variação entre países no percentual de estabelecimentos acreditados (de 1% no México a 34,7% na Dinamarca). Entre as lições aprendidas, destacam-se a complexidade da aplicação do sistema misto público-privado (Chile), o risco de burocratização excessiva (Dinamarca) e a necessidade de incentivos claros (México). Conclusões. Os programas de acreditação operam de forma peculiar em cada país ou região, têm diferentes escopos e também apresentam diversos problemas a partir dos quais podemos aprender. É preciso considerar os elementos que dificultam a implementação e realizar as adequações necessárias para os sistemas de saúde de cada país ou região.
ABSTRACT
En 1993, el Estado estableció el Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud, en el que se introdujeron los diferentes mecanismos legales para promover la calidad en las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud en el país. A partir de allí, se implantaron diferentes decretos. En la actualidad, el Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad en Salud (SOGCS) se encuentra reglamentado en el Decreto 780 de 2016, Decreto Único Reglamentario del Sector Salud. El SOGCS está integrado por cuatro componentes principales: el Sistema Único de Habilitación (SUH), la Auditoría para el Mejoramiento de la Calidad, el Sistema Único de Acreditación (SUA) y el Sistema de Información para la Calidad en Salud, para dirigir y evaluar el desempeño de estas instituciones en términos de calidad y satisfacción social; además, se adoptó el Manual de Inscripción de Prestadores y Habilitación de Servicios de Salud, el cual contiene las condiciones mínimas que deben cumplir los servicios de salud ofertados y prestados en el país, para brindar seguridad a los usuarios en el proceso de la atención en salud. Dicho manual tiene por objeto definir las condiciones de verificación para la habilitación, como la capacidad técnico-administrativa, suficiencia patrimonial y financiera, y la capacidad tecnológica y científica. En este artículo se revisarán algunos conceptos generales del Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad en Salud, así como los estándares y criterios de habilitación para laboratorios clínicos
In 1993, the State established the General System of Social Security in Health, in which different legal mechanisms were introduced to promote quality in the institutions providing health services in the country. From then on, different decrees were implemented. Currently, the Mandatory Health Quality Assurance System (SOGCS) is regulated by Decree 780 of 2016, the Sole Regulatory Decree of the Health Sector. SOGCS is made up of four main components: the Single Qualification System (SUH), the Audit for Quality Improvement, the Single Accreditation System (SUA) and the Health Quality Information System, to direct and evaluate the performance of these institutions in terms of quality and social satisfaction; in addition, the Health Services Provider Registration and Qualification Manual was adopted, which contains the minimum conditions that health services in the country must meet to provide security to users in the health care process. The purpose of this manual is to define the verification conditions for accreditation, such as technical-administrative capacity, patrimonial and financial sufficiency, and technological and scientific capacity. This article will review some general concepts of the Mandatory System of Quality Assurance in Health, as well as the standards and qualification criteria for clinical laboratories
Subject(s)
Humans , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Health Administration , Functioning License , Clinical Laboratory Services , AccreditationABSTRACT
Resumo Introdução: Marcada por franca expansão, crescimento da oferta pelo setor privado e atuação de diferentes grupos de influência, a educação médica figura no centro dos debates sobre qualidade da educação superior. A criação e a atuação das agências de acreditação de cursos médicos crescem em todo o mundo, tendo chegado ao Brasil com a criação do Sistema de Acreditação de Cursos Médicos por iniciativa do Conselho Federal de Medicina. Marco importante na educação médica brasileira, a criação do sistema representa avanço e deve ser considerada, no entanto o fato não invalida a possibilidade e a importância de implantação de política pública nacional de acreditação de cursos médicos, dada a relevância social e a preocupação com a qualidade da formação médica ofertada no país. Objetivo: Este artigo apresenta um paralelo entre os procedimentos adotados pelas agências acreditadoras internacionais, pelo Saeme e nos procedimentos do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior. Método: O paralelo foi traçado com base em análise documental, em que foram investigados artigos na temática de acreditação e qualidade da educação médica, bem como os documentos orientadores de agências acreditadoras internacionais. Resultado: A análise documental revela similaridades nos procedimentos adotados internacionalmente em comparação com as iniciativas nacionais no que concerne à estrutura básica de avaliação, à exigência de autoavaliação, à preocupação com a avaliação da aprendizagem, à previsão de monitoramento e alinhamento prévio, bem como à valorização do currículo baseado em competências. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam para um cenário favorável com vistas a demonstrar o potencial nacional para instauração de sistema público de acreditação.
Abstract Introduction: Marked by rapid expansion, growth in supply by the private sector and the performance of different groups of influence, medical education is at the centre of debates on the quality of higher education. The creation and performance of medical course accreditation agencies is growing around the world, having arrived in Brazil with the creation of the Medical School Accreditation System (SAEME) on the initiative of the Federal Council of Medicine. An important milestone in Brazilian medical education, the creation of the system represents progress and should be considered. However, this fact does not invalidate the possibility and importance of implementing a national public policy for the accreditation of medical courses, given the social relevance and concern with the quality of medical training offered in the country. Method: Based on a document analysis, in which articles on accreditation and quality of medical education were analysed, as well as the guiding documents of international accreditation agencies, this article presents a parallel and draws similarities between the procedures adopted by international accreditation agencies, by the SAEME and the procedures of the National Higher Education Assessment System. Results: The document analysis pointed to similarities in the procedures adopted internationally compared to national initiatives with regard to the basic assessment structure, the requirement for self-assessment, the concern regarding assessment of the learning, the provision for monitoring and prior alignment, as well as valuing the competency-based curriculum. Considerations: The results point to a favourable scenario with a view to demonstrating the national potential for setting up a public accreditation system.
ABSTRACT
Capability Accreditation Program of Ethics Review for Chinese Medicine Research (CAP Accreditation) is the first medical ethics certification project in China. Institutions can further improve their ethics review work level after passing the CAP accreditation. However, the operational efficiency of each department in the ethics review system needs to be further improved when performing relevant functions in accordance with the certification requirements. Based on the experience and summary in the work of the ethical review system, this paper analyzed the main factors that affect the efficiency of the ethical review system and put forward improvement strategies from six aspects: organizational leadership, incentive policies, quality supervision, system construction, talent training, and promotion through evaluation, with a view to providing reference for improving the efficiency of ethical review, and promoting multi-department coordination and system integration.
ABSTRACT
As an important measure starting for hospital management, hospital accreditation can effectively guide hospitals to improve their comprehensive service capabilities and management level. The accreditation results of 38 tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu province from 2018 to 2020 showed that there were weaknesses existing in the development of hospitals, including the radiosity and influence of tertiary hospitals, patient service mode, construction of medical technology capabilities and disciplines, medical quality and safety, nursing quality management and specialized nursing, and information construction. The author suggested that hospitals should return to functional positioning, improve the service quality, strengthen construction of hospital disciplines and technical projects, consolidate the foundation of quality and safety management, improve the level of information technology construction, for references for promoting the high-quality sustainable development of tertiary general hospitals.
ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La evaluación de los perfiles de egreso es uno de los aspectos centrales en la acreditación de carreras en Chile, por cuanto su formulación y aplicación en los procesos formativos influyen en sus niveles de pertinencia y calidad. Objetivo: Evidenciar las fortalezas y debilidades del diseño y aplicación de los perfiles de egreso de las carreras de Nutrición y Dietética en Chile, a partir de los resultados de sus procesos de acreditación. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, cualitativo. Se identificaron, en las resoluciones de acreditación entre los años 2004 y 2016, las fortalezas y debilidades de los perfiles de egreso y las contradicciones entre lo declarado y lo ejecutado por los programas. Las carreras se ordenaron en dos grupos según el tiempo de acreditación: i) de dos a cuatro años y ii) de 5 o más años. Usando el software Atlas.ti 7.0 se determinaron los patrones y diferencias conceptuales en los juicios evaluativos de los perfiles de egreso. Resultados: Existe una alta variabilidad entre carreras en los contenidos y aplicación de los perfiles de egreso. Ella se asocia a las capacidades instaladas en las instituciones y a los tiempos de acreditación de la carrera. Existen carreras con déficit en el cumplimiento de competencias, conocimientos y habilidades. Conclusiones: Los contenidos y aplicación de perfiles de egreso son muy heterogéneos y su aplicación se asocia al tiempo de acreditación de la carrera. Es necesario limitar la alta dependencia a la demanda y estimular mayores compromisos institucionales.
Background: Assessment of the graduate profiles is one of the key aspects of program accreditation in Chile, therefore, their development and application in training processes have an impact on their relevance and quality. Objective: To demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of the design and application of graduate profiles of Nutrition and Dietetics degree programs in Chile, on the basis of the outcomes of their accreditation processes. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, qualitative study. Strengths and weaknesses of graduate profiles, and inconsistencies between what was stated and what was actually implemented in the programs were identified in the accreditation resolutions issued between 2004 and 2016. Degree programs were classified in two groups, according to accreditation years: i) two to four years, and ii) five or more years The Atlas.ti 7.0 software was used to determine patterns and conceptual differences in the evaluative judgement of graduate profiles. Results: There was a high variability in the content and application of graduate profiles between degree programs. This was associated with the institutions' installed capacities and with accreditation years awarded to the program. Some programs were not compliant with the required competencies, knowledge and skills. Conclusions: The content and application of graduate profiles are highly heterogeneous, and its application is associated to accreditation years of the program. It is necessary to limit high dependency on demand to encourage stronger institutional commitments.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: la calidad académica constituye una prioridad en el contexto universitario global contemporáneo. De forma gradual, se aprecia la necesidad de que las universidades evidencien su responsabilidad social por medio de instrumentos que validen su quehacer, donde se exige a dichas instituciones certificar los niveles de calidad en el desarrollo de sus procesos sustantivos como forma de rendir cuentas a la sociedad. Objetivo: diseñar un procedimiento para la medición del impacto de los programas de maestría en la Universidad de Ciencias Médica de Matanzas. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo tecnológico, que clasifica como un estudio analítico, longitudinal prospectivo, en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas, entre septiembre de 2019 y mayo de 2021. Se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos. El procedimiento metodológico empleado fue la triangulación. Resultados: se diseñó un procedimiento para medir, de modo integral, el impacto de la formación de los programas de maestrías de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas, lo que permitió obtener una vía para la medición de los impactos esperados, conducentes al crecimiento intelectual y profesional de los egresados, que responde al encargo social de la universidad, sus diferentes escenarios laborales y las demandas del sector de la salud en el territorio matancero. Conclusiones: el procedimiento diseñado evidenció la necesidad y pertinencia del mismo, en virtud de la mejora continua del programa y su calidad.
Introduction: academic quality is a priority in the contemporary global university context. Gradually, it is appreciated the need for the universities to show their social responsibility by the way of instruments that validate their work, where these institutions are required to certify the quality levels in the development of their substantive processes as a way of rendering accounts to the society. Objective: to design a procedure for measuring the impact of the master's degree programs at Matanzas University of Medical Sciences. Materials and methods: a research of technological development, classified as an analytical, longitudinal prospective study, was conducted at Matanzas University of Medical Sciences, between September 2019 and May 2021. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used. The methodological procedure used was triangulation. Results: a procedure was designed to measure, in a comprehensive way, the impact of the training of master's degree programs at Matanzas University of Medical Sciences. It allowed obtaining a way to measure the expected impacts, leading to the intellectual and professional growth of graduates, which responds to the social responsibility of the university, their different work scenarios and to the demands of the health sector in the territory of Matanzas. Conclusions: the designed procedure evidenced its need and relevance, for the sake of the continuous improvement of the program and its quality.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO O artigo buscou refletir sobre os desafios teórico-práticos enfrentados no caminho metodológico de construção do processo de Acreditação Institucional de ouvidorias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), na elaboração dos materiais pedagógicos e nas dinâmicas de interações fundamentais entre os atores envolvidos. Discorre-se sobre a trajetória de uma parceria de trabalho entre uma equipe de pesquisadores e um departamento do Ministério da Saúde, que visa apoiar teórico-metodologicamente as ações do setor trabalhando os grandes temas da participação e do controle social e, em particular, das ouvidorias, gerando evidências para a tomada de decisões da gestão. São apresentados e problematizados desafios enfrentados no caminho da parceria e do processo de um ponto de vista metodológico, reflexivo e participativo, apresentando-se ideias, noções e conceitos que sofreram evolução, e que presidem os materiais pedagógicos elaborados para instrumentalização do processo de Acreditação Institucional de ouvidorias do SUS enquanto balizamento teórico-prático. Conclui-se que a adoção de um desafiador método de trabalho construtivista e participativo representa um salutar esforço pelo autoaperfeiçoamento e pela garantia da afirmação de valores e princípios democráticos, efetivos na busca constante pela qualificação das ações das ouvidorias, da própria atividade de pesquisa, da prática da gestão e dos serviços e políticas públicas.
ABSTRACT This paper aims to reflect on the theoretical and practical challenges in the methodological path of building the Institutional Accreditation process of the Unified Health System (SUS) ombudspersons, developing teaching materials, and the dynamics of fundamental interactions between the stakeholders involved. It discusses the trajectory of a working partnership between a team of researchers and a department of the Ministry of Health, which aims to theoretically and methodologically support the actions of the sector working on the principal participation and social control topics and, in particular, the ombudspersons, generating evidence for management decision-making. The authors present the challenges in partnership and the process and discuss from a methodological, reflective, and participatory viewpoint, presenting ideas and concepts that have evolved and govern the pedagogical materials prepared for the instrumentalization of the Institutional Accreditation process of SUS ombudspersons as a theoretical-practical framework. The authors conclude that adopting a challenging constructivist method is a healthy effort for self-improvement and guarantee of the affirmation of democratic values, effective in the constant search for the qualification of the actions of the ombudspersons, research activity, management practice, and services and public policies.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO Com base no Curso de Qualificação de Avaliadores Externos para o processo de Acreditação no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), realizado em 2018, o objetivo deste artigo foi discutir os desafios postos ao processo de formação desses avaliadores, fundamentado em uma perspectiva da avaliação participativa, como forma de contribuir para aperfeiçoamento de processos dos dispositivos de avaliação externa e autoavaliação. Para isso, analisaram-se 33 documentos produzidos com a prática desses dispositivos no âmbito do projeto. Na avaliação externa, o principal desafio consiste em 'olhar para o outro'; esse tipo específico de olhar exige que a Equipe de Avaliação Externa detenha o domínio sobre os conhecimentos prévios, competências e atitudes necessárias ao trabalho, para captar saberes, intencionalidades e relações, expressos nos atos de fala dos sujeitos. Na autoavaliação, o principal desafio consiste em 'olhar para si'; tomar a si próprio como objeto de conhecimento e campo de transformação requer formas específicas de fazer, visando ao ganho de qualidade nos processos de trabalho. Construir uma cultura de avaliação, em que as informações produzidas subsidiem a tomada de decisão é um desafio para as ouvidorias, que pode ser superado com o Referencial de Qualidade das Ouvidorias do SUS.
ABSTRACT Based on the Qualification course of External Evaluators for the Accreditation process in the Unified Health System (SUS), held in 2018, this paper aims to discuss the challenges to the training process of these evaluators from a perspective of participatory evaluation to contribute to the improvement of external evaluation and self-evaluation devices. To this end, 33 documents produced with the practice of these devices were analyzed within the project. In external evaluation, the main challenge is to 'look at the other'. This specific type of perspective requires the External Evaluation Team's mastery over the previous knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for the work to capture knowledge, intentions, and relationships expressed in the statements of the subjects. In self-evaluation, the main challenge is 'looking at oneself'. Taking oneself as an object of knowledge and field of transformation requires specific ways of doing to gain quality in work processes. Building a culture of evaluation in which the information produced supports decision-making is a challenge for the ombudspersons, which can be overcome with the Quality Benchmark of the Ombudsperson Services of the SUS.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: Un sistema de gestión de calidad brinda la estructura organizativa, los procesos, los procedimientos y las herramientas para implementar las actividades y alcanzar los objetivos requeridos. Es un proceso en el que participan directivos, operativos y administrativos. Todos deben reconocer y asumir su responsabilidad para el éxito de la implementación o mejoramiento del sistema y deben esforzarse para alcanzarlo. Objetivo: Exponer el proceso de implementación del sistema de gestión de calidad del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva. Se realizaron encuestas, entrevistas y auditorías para mostrar el desarrollo del sistema de gestión de calidad del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. El período de estudió fue de 2017-2020 e incluyó 32 áreas del instituto. Resultados: Se crearon los documentos del sistema de gestión de calidad y el plan de gestión. Se capacitó al personal. Se definieron las políticas, el objetivo y la proyección estratégica de la calidad. Se elaboró y se puso en ejecución todo el sistema documental, con un total de más de 590 documentos. Las tareas derivadas del plan de gestión de la calidad se cumplieron en un 81,25 por ciento, esto permitió identificar las áreas de mejoras Conclusiones: La implementación del sistema de gestión de calidad es trascendental para elevar el buen desempeño de una organización de salud y constituye el motor impulsor para lograr la calidad merecida en todos los servicios asistenciales que brinda, lo cual demuestra su importancia para alcanzar los resultados que espera y necesita el sistema de salud cubano(AU)
Introduction: A quality management system provides the organizational structure, processes, procedures and tools to implement activities and achieve the required objectives. It is a process with the participation of management, operational and administrative personnel. All of them must recognize and assume their responsibility for the successful implementation or improvement of the system and must strive to achieve it. Objective: To describe the implementation process of the quality management system in the Institute of Hematology and Immunology. Methods: A descriptive research was carried out. Surveys, interviews and audits were conducted to show the development of the quality management system in Institute of Hematology and Immunology. The study period was 2017-2020 and included 32 institutional areas. Results: The corresponding documents were created for the quality management system and the management plan. The personnel received training. Quality policies, objective and strategic projection were defined. The entire document system was developed and implemented, with a total of more than 590 documents. The tasks derived from the quality management plan were completed at 81.25 percent, which allowed the identification of areas for improvement. Conclusions: The implementation of the quality management system is transcendental to raise the good performance of a health organization, as well as the driving force to achieve the deserved quality in all the care services provided by any institution, which shows its importance to achieve the outcomes expected and needed by the Cuban health system(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Total Quality Management/organization & administration , Hospital Accreditation , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
“Right to health” is a universal right inclusive of a culture of safety. This review aims to highlight how clinical microbiology laboratories can contribute to patient safety. They can bring down medical errors through clinical collaboration and quality control. Timely and accurate inputs from microbiology laboratory help in clinical correlation and aid in safe patient care. Through internet search, using keywords such as “medical errors” and “quality assurance,” global burden of medical errors has been compiled. References have been taken from guidelines and documents of standard national and international agencies, systematic reviews, observational studies, retrospective analyses, meta-analyses, health bulletins and reports, and personal views. Safety in healthcare should lay emphasis on prevention, reporting, analysis, and correction of medical errors. If not recorded, medical errors are regarded as occasional or chance events. Global data show adverse events are as high as 10% among hospitalized patients, and approximately two-thirds of these are reported from low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). This includes errors in laboratories as well. Clinical microbiology can impact patient safety when practiced properly with an aim to detect, control, and prevent infections at the earliest. It is a science that integrates a tripartite relationship between the patient, clinician, and a microbiology specialist. Through collaborative healthcare, all stakeholders benefit by understanding common errors and mitigate them through quality management. However, errors tend to happen despite standardization and streamlining all processes. The aim should be to minimize them, have fair documentation, and learn from mistakes to avoid repetition. Local targets should be set and then extended to meet national and global benchmarks.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: En los hospitales públicos, las dificultades surgidas por el déficit de recursos logísticos en el laboratorio clínico, dificultan aún más una atención de calidad. La carencia de una gestión por procesos y los conflictos de interés surgidos por la proliferación de laboratorios no certificados ni acreditados, hacen necesaria una nueva visión sobre este tema. La Medicina del Laboratorio Basado en la Evidencia, es una herramienta de la cual clínicos, tecnólogos y biólogos pueden beneficiarse. Por otro lado, es necesario que, a partir del estado, se consensuen los esfuerzos realizados por los distintos actores de este problema: UNAGESP, IETSI, SIS, INACAL, SUSALUD, Defensoría del Pueblo, Contraloría General de la República, Colegios profesionales y Empresa privada para mejorar la gestión del laboratorio clínico.
Background: In public hospitals, the difficulties arising from the lack of logistical resources in the clinical laboratory make quality care even more difficult. The lack of management by processes and the conflicts of interest arising from the proliferation of laboratories that are not certified or accredited make a new vision on this subject necessary. Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine is a tool from which clinicians, technologists and biologists can benefit. On the other hand, it is necessary that, from the state, the efforts made by the UNAGESP, IETSI, SIS, INACAL, SUSALUD, the Ombudsman's Office, the Comptroller General's Office of the Republic, professional associations and private companies to improve the management of the clinical laboratory be agreed upon.